Hive 开发者门户网站 - 专业术语
Understanding the common terms used by the Hive blockchain is an important part of being able to build applications and tools that use it.
This section outlines several of the common terms.
More terms and information can be found on the hive.blog FAQ.
- Blockchain
- Decentralized ledger and consensus protocol
- Hive (blockchain)
- Name of the blockchain and platform
- Bandwidth
- formerly the limit of data each account can send/use (replaced by Resource Credits)
- Resource Credits
- is the limit of data each account can utilize resources on the blockchain (also known as RC)
- VESTS
- The fundamental unit of accounting that Hive Power is derived from
- HIVE (currency)
- Currency of the blockchain, liquid version of Hive Power
- HBD
- Hive Backed Dollar, $1 worth of Hive
- Hive Power
- Locked version of HIVE which gives account influence on the platform
- Transaction
- Operations/Activity/Write requests to the blockchain. A transaction is a submitted update to the Hive blockchain. This can include token transfers, posts/comments, votes, etc.
- Block
- Every three seconds, the Hive blockchain produces a new block. Each time a new block is produced, the distributed network is updated with all of the transactions that occurred within that block.
- Block Header
- Information about block, root, and witness who signed, etc.
- Price feed
- Feed that is maintained by witnesses to ensure HBD/HIVE price stability
- Account
- An account is a container for all of the activity associated with a particular user's wallet on the blockchain. This includes all of their tokens, posts, comments, upvotes, transfers, etc.
- Owner
- Owner authority/permission of a given account
- Key
- Keys are used to authenticate transactions. Each key contains a public/private pair. When a transaction is submitted to the Hive blockchain, it is signed by the account owner using their private key. The blockchain is able to determine that the transaction is valid by validating the signature against the public key from the pair.
- Public Key
- Public key of account's certain authority
- Private Key
- Private key to sign a transaction with account's authority, should be kept secret because it grants access to account
- Wif
- Wallet Import Format/Private key, should be kept secret because it grants access to account
- Active key
- The active key is used to make transfers and place orders in the internal market
- Posting key
- The posting key is used for posting and voting
- Owner key
- The owner key is the master key for the account and is required to change the other keys
- Post
- A post is a root level comment - one that has no "parent".
- Comment
- A comment is text content that is stored on the blockchain. Comments can be linked to other comments as "replies" through parent/child relationships.
- Vote
- A vote is an expression of like (upvote) or dislike (downvote) for a post/comment. The Hive blockchain uses the votes that a post/comment has received to determine its share of the rewards.
- Reputation
- Account's reputation on the platform
- Markdown language
- Easy to read and write, plain text format language commonly used to create Hive articles
- Permlink
- Unique identifier of every comment or post of an author, within the context of that author. ('@author/permlink' combos are globally unique)
- Mainnet
- The 'production' Hive blockchain network wherein real HIVE is held and actual transactions take place.
- Delegation
- The assignment of Hive Power for content influence by another account (cannot be spent, can be revoked by the delegator in 5 days)
- PowerUp
- Convert HIVE to Hive Power and vice-versa with PowerDown
- Reward Pool
- Every day, a fixed amount of HIVE tokens are allocated to the network reward fund, commonly called the "reward pool." These get distributed to authors and curators for posting and voting on content.
- AppBase
- Plug-in architecture that provides a robust foundation for scaling. It enables many components of the Hive blockchain to become modular by creating additional non-consensus blockchains as dedicated plugins.
- RocksDB
- A fast-on-disk data store with an advanced caching layer, which minimizes latency when reading/writing to and from disk.
- MIRA
- Multi Index Rocksdb Adapter (removed in HF25) that updates the database backend of Hive from memory mapped files to a disk log-structured merge-tree implemented via the RocksDB library.
- Manabar
Tracked voting power that is regenerated from 0 to 100% of max linearly over 5 days. It is a function of Hive Power, delegations, and active power down that tracks unspent reward fund shares.
Each user also has a manabar specifically for downvotes, which is 25% of the upvote manabar. Downvotes will consume this mana first before consuming regular mana. When voting, 1/50th of the remaining mana is used for a 100% vote. The same math is used for downvote mana but multiplied by 4 because the downvote manabar is 25% the size of the normal manabar. The maximum of these values is used. When both manabars are at 100%, the values are the same. When downvote mana runs out, normal mana is then used.
- Reverse Auction
- The window of 5 minutes where curation rewards are sent back to reward pool.
- DHF
- Also known as Decentralized Hive Fund. An on-chain decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) that allows users to submit proposals for funding and use stake weighted voting to select which proposals should be funded.
- DPOS
- Delegated Proof of Stake
- Proxy
- The assignment of Hive Power for DPOS governance and DHF approval by another account (cannot be spent, can be revoked instantly)
- Node
- A node is an instance of the Hive blockchain running on a server.
- Witness
- Witness is a position/role for the people who are chosen by community (delegate trust) to support platform and run consensus protocol to ensure security and validity of transactions/blocks on the blockchain. A witness is responsible for signing and validating blocks for the Hive blockchain.
- Hardfork
- Process to release protocol/blockchain consensus upgrades
- Softfork
- Process to release protocol/blockchain software improvements
- Witness Vote
- Voting/electing witnesses with account's stake
- DAO
- Decentralized Autonomous Organization (see: DHF).
- HBD Haircut
- Rules to stop printing HBD when the supply is too high. Note: HBD printing for the DHF (@hive.fund) does not follow these rules and will continue to print HBD regardless of the supply.
- P2P
- The peer-to-peer network is how transactions are broadcasted to mempool until they are included in a block.
- Mempool
- Where a transaction that is being conducted over the p2p network is transmitted and held until a witness picks it up and includes it in the next block.
- Pending Transaction
- Transaction that is pending and to be included to the blockchain
- Transaction Hex
- Hash of the transaction
- Signatures
- Transaction signature signed by an account with a private key
- Canonical Signatures
- Reduce entropy Signatures that follow the BIP-0062 specification to prevent transaction malleability. All Signatures on Hive are Canonical Signatures, since 0.20.2.
- Broadcast Transaction
- Event where a signed transaction is broadcasted to the p2p network so that witnesses could validate and include in a block
- Virtual operation
- Operations that are derived from blockchain activity, but aren't actually stored as operations themselves (ex. curation and author rewards). They happen based on consensus from the blockchain based on other normal operations
- Trending
- Posts/Discussions that are highly valued by the community with bigger time interval update
- Hot
- Posts/Discussions that are highly valued with shorter time interval update
- Feed
- Posts/Discussions from followers of a particular account
- Active
- Posts/Discussions that are still actively being engaged
- New
- Newly created posts
- Cashout
- Posts which was paid out recently
- Promoted
- Posts which was promoted by burning HBD to get more visibility
- Pending Payout
- Estimated pending payout for blog posts/comments
- Following
- Account that is being followed
- Follower
- Account that is following the user
- State
- State of blockchain for path - accounts/tags/filters/posts
- Dynamic Global Properties
- Current blockchain global properties in play for each block
- Median Price
- Median Price feed provided by all witnesses
- Curator
- A Hive user who upvotes a post by using their daily voting power to assign value to a post that they believe has good quality content and should be seen and the author rewarded
- Curation reward
- The reward given to a curator, which is their portion of the 50% allocated to all curators that have upvoted a post
- Reblog
- Re-posting another author's post in your blog feed for your followers list
- Conversion Requests
- Request submitted for Converting HBD to HIVE
- Order Book
- Internal market order book to exchange HBD <-> HIVE
- SMT
- Smart Media Tokens
- Limit Order
- A direction given to the DEX to buy or sell an asset at a specified price or better, that expire within 30 days of creation.